TY - JOUR
T1 - Relay-aided Wireless Sensor Network Discovery Algorithm for Dense Industrial IoT utilizing ESPAR Antennas
AU - Ademaj, Fjolla
AU - Rzymowski, Mateusz
AU - Bernhard, Hans-peter
AU - Nyka, Krzysztof
AU - Kulas, Lukasz
PY - 2021/1/1
Y1 - 2021/1/1
N2 - () applications require reliable and efficient wireless communication. Assuming dense s (s) operating in a harsh environment, a concept of a () based enriched with () antennas is proposed and examined in this work. The utilized antenna provides one omnidirectional and 12 directional radiation patterns that can be electronically switched by the sensor node. We introduce a relay discovery algorithm which selects those sensor nodes with an antenna capable to act as relay. The selection of the relay nodes is based on a certain link quality threshold that algorithm uses as input. The outcome is a reduction in number of layers or hops with a guaranteed (). To emphasize the physical aspect of the wireless propagation, we introduce the measured antenna radiation patterns and consider two different path loss propagation models representing blockage-free and blockage-prone industrial environments. A number of network simulations were performed and () as a link quality measure was examined with respect to the network density and different measured radiation pattern settings. The main outcomes show a trade-off between per link and the percentage of nodes that can serve as relays. As a result, we propose network design guidelines that take under consideration the range with respect to together with an optimal number of antenna radiation patterns that should be selected as a trade-off between latency, energy consumption and reliability in a network.
AB - () applications require reliable and efficient wireless communication. Assuming dense s (s) operating in a harsh environment, a concept of a () based enriched with () antennas is proposed and examined in this work. The utilized antenna provides one omnidirectional and 12 directional radiation patterns that can be electronically switched by the sensor node. We introduce a relay discovery algorithm which selects those sensor nodes with an antenna capable to act as relay. The selection of the relay nodes is based on a certain link quality threshold that algorithm uses as input. The outcome is a reduction in number of layers or hops with a guaranteed (). To emphasize the physical aspect of the wireless propagation, we introduce the measured antenna radiation patterns and consider two different path loss propagation models representing blockage-free and blockage-prone industrial environments. A number of network simulations were performed and () as a link quality measure was examined with respect to the network density and different measured radiation pattern settings. The main outcomes show a trade-off between per link and the percentage of nodes that can serve as relays. As a result, we propose network design guidelines that take under consideration the range with respect to together with an optimal number of antenna radiation patterns that should be selected as a trade-off between latency, energy consumption and reliability in a network.
KW - Antenna radiation patterns
KW - Antennas
KW - ESPAR
KW - IIoT
KW - Industrial Internet of Things
KW - QoS
KW - Quality of service
KW - Relays
KW - Routing
KW - Wireless sensor networks
KW - multi-hop communication.
KW - relay
KW - routing
KW - switched-beam antenna
UR - https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/3ec39b49-4543-3e95-9679-e7040c8efaa1/
U2 - 10.1109/jiot.2021.3075346
DO - 10.1109/jiot.2021.3075346
M3 - Article
SP - 1
EP - 1
JO - IEEE Internet of Things Journal
JF - IEEE Internet of Things Journal
ER -